中日绿色建筑发展的对比研究

日本的绿色建筑建设先于我国,有许多可借鉴之处。本文首先对比了中日经济发展、建筑业发展、建筑能耗等与建筑相关的基本国情。分析得知：两国经济处在不同的发展阶段,国情不同;1996-2008年,中国各类建筑面积增长了74.5%,而日本减少了56.2%;2007年与1996年相比,中国的单位面积公共建筑能耗增加了20%,而日本减少4.41%。进而,重点分析了中日绿色建筑发展的历程、绿色建筑的定义及内涵、评价标准等方面的异同。认为：日本绿色建筑的建设起步较早,但我国的发展速度很快;两国绿色建筑的定义描述虽有些不同,但内涵基本一致;评价标准的种类存在差异,评价内容相近,评分方法、定级方式、表示方式有所不同。最后,根据中国国情,提出了加强宣传普及工作、提高全民意识和公众认知度、加大激励政策力度等借鉴日本成功经验的几点建议,以期对我国推进绿色建筑的发展有所帮助。

Comparative Analyses of the Development of the Green Building in China and Japan

The development of the green building in Japan is earlier than in China,there is much in it that we can make use of.In this paper,firstly the comparative analyses of the economic development,the construction industry development and the building energy consumption are made.It has been realized that the economic development in the two countries is in the different phase,and the national conditions are different;and that from 1996 to 2008,the total building area in China has increased by 74.5%,but it has decreased by 56.2% in Japan;and that from 1996 to 2007,the unit area energy consumption of the building of public utilization in China has increased by 20%,but it has decreased by 4.41% in Japan.And then the similarities and differences between the two countries about the developing course and the connotation of the green building,and the assessment standard are mainly analyzed.To come to the conclusions that the beginning of the green building development in Japan is earlier,but the development speed in China is very fast,and that although the definition of the green building in the two countries is some differently given,the connotation is similar,and that there is difference in the kinds of the assessment standard,the assessment contents are similar,there are differences in the method of assessment,and the ways of grading and showing.Finally some advice e.g.strengthening propaganda,and formulating more incentive policies are given,expecting some help will be given to the development of the green building in China.