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Informal employment in Poland: an empirical spatial analysis
Authors:Maciej Beręsewicz
Affiliation:1. Department of Statistics, Faculty of Informatics and Electronic Economy, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poznań, Poland;2. and Centre for Small Area Estimation, Statistical Office in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
Abstract:The main goal of our article is to bridge the gap in the regional analysis of informal employment in Poland and in particular to indicate the propensity for informal work in the working-age population, to test if informal activities are typical for marginalized people (less educated, unemployed, older) and to identify the regional and spatial heterogeneity in the propensity. We use data from the ‘Human Capital Balance 2010–2014’ survey. Results indicate a strong relationship between the probability of informal work and age, sex and labour force status. Moreover, a strong spatial dependency can be observed.
Keywords:informal employment propensity  unregistered work  shadow economy  spatial Bayesian analysis  integrated nested Lagrange approach (INLA)
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