Standardized food governance? Reflections on the potential and limitations of chemical-free shrimp |
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| Institution: | 1. City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA;2. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico;3. The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH;1. School of Energy and Environment, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India;2. Chemical Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India;1. Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India;2. Dept of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;3. Dept of Chemistry, Seth Anandram Jaipuria College, Calcutta University, Kolkata, 700005, India;4. Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, India;1. Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York;2. Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York;3. Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York;1. Department of Agricultural & Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India;2. Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India |
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| Abstract: | Multilayered conformity-assessment systems (MCASs) are becoming an increasingly prominent governance mechanism in food and agriculture. MCASs maintain their legitimacy through the use of scientific norms and practices, as well as multiple tiers of oversight. The purported outcome is standardized conformity-assessment practices, and thus, standardized food and production practices regardless of location or producer. This article examines the ability of MCASs to enforce one form of zero tolerance standards: organics (i.e., zero-synthetic chemicals). The focus is on the governance of organic standards in the rural Indonesia, where the idea of zero tolerance is historically foreign. Drawing on a case study of an organic shrimp project in Indonesia, the ways that the social, economic, and cultural conditions of the global South affect the operations of a MCAS and the capacity of the MCAS to adapt to such conditions are examined. My findings raise questions as to the capability of MCASs to ensure standardized food governance globally. |
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| Keywords: | Governance Standards Certification Organic Sustainable aquaculture Shrimp aquaculture |
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