农业“三率”视角下都市型现代农业投入产出分析——以京沪津渝为例

分析2006—2020年中国4个代表性城市的农业“三率”数据特征及其变动趋势,通过分析面板数据,对京沪津渝进行都市型现代农业投入产出研究,实证验证一产增加值的各个影响因素。研究发现：劳动生产率、农用水资源利用率和资金利用率对土地产出率有显著正向影响,一产从业人数、农林水财政支出总额和农作物播种面积对一产增加值有显著影响,其中一产从业人数为负向影响;农用能源利用率对土地产出率影响不显著,农业水资源消耗总量和一产耗能总量对一产增加值影响不显著。京沪津渝都市型现代化农业生产规模较小,农业机械推广使用程度较低,应提高土地流转,形成规模化的农业生产,并为农业机械提供配套教学服务,以此来提高都市型现代农业的产出。

Input-output Analysis of Modern Urban Agriculture from the Perspective of "Three Rates" of Agriculture:Taking Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chongqing as an example

The four representative cities from 2006 to 2020 China agriculture "three rates" data characteristics and its change trend is analyzed. Based on the analysis of panel data, the four cities urban modern agriculture input and output is studied, the various influence factors of the added value of production is explored. The results show that labor productivity, utilization rate of agricultural water resources and utilization rate of capital have significant positive effects on land yield, while the number of people working in primary production, total financial expenditure of agriculture, forestry and water resources and sown area of crops have significant effects on the added value of primary production. Utilization rate of agricultural energy has no significant effect on land yield. The total consumption of agricultural water resources and the total energy consumption of primary production had no significant effect on the added value of primary production. The production scale of urban modern agriculture in the four regions is small, and the degree of popularization and use of agricultural machinery is low. It is necessary to improve land circulation, form large-scale agricultural production, and provide supporting teaching services for agricultural machinery, so as to improve the output of urban modern agriculture.