“双一流”建设大学基础研究创新效率测量及投入产出结构合理性研究——基于“十一五”至“十三五”期间数据观测

从“十一五”到“十三五”初期,我国基础研究快速发展,投入和产出均大幅提升。运用以产出为导向的数据包络分析法,测量该时期我国“双一流”建设大学基础研究创新效率,观测13年间基础研究动态变化趋势,通过投影值分析“双一流”建设大学基础研究投入与产出结构的合理性,挖掘其创新效率存在的优势和薄弱环节,助力我国基础研究良性发展。研究结果显示：三个五年规划对“双一流”建设大学基础研究快速发展具有重要引导作用,“十二五”和“十三五”初期基础研究投入产出结构不合理的“双一流”建设大学数量比例较高,高端人才引进以及具有国际影响力的前沿性成果成为优化高水平大学基础研究投入与产出结构的关键要素。

The Measurement of Innovation Efficiency in Basic Research of Double First-class Universities and the Observation of the Rationality of Input-Output Structure

From the Eleventh Five-Year Plan to the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan,the input and output of basic research in China have been greatly increased in the past ten years.This paper uses the output-oriented envelope analysis method to measure the innovation efficiency and dynamic change trend of basic research in China's double-first-class universities,and to analyze the rationality of the input and output structure of double-first-class universities' basic research by projection value.Through the analysis,it points out the advantages and weak links of the low innovation efficiency of the double-first-class university to help the sound development of basic research in China.The results show that: Firstly,the three five-year plans have played an important role in guiding the rapid development of basic research in double-first-class universities;Secondly,From the 12th Five-Year Plan to the early stage of 13th five-year plan,the proportion of two-class universities with unreasonable input-output structure of basic research is relatively high; Thirdly,The introduction of high-end talents and the frontier achievements with international influence have become the key factors to optimize the input and output structure of basic research in high-level universities.