发明人角色识别及二元创新能力差异分析——社会资本视角的解释

发明人的创新活动嵌入在合作创新网络中。基于社会资本视角，从结构资本和认知资本两个维度辨识并定义4类发明人角色，包括“明星”、“纽带”、“平庸”和“活跃”发明人。以人工智能领域在德温特专利数据库（DII）授权的专利数据为样本，运用负二项模型，对4类发明人的二元创新能力进行实证对比分析。结果表明，不同角色发明人的二元创新能力显著不同。其中，“明星”发明人的二元创新能力最高，“平庸”发明人的二元创新能力最低，“活跃”发明人的二元创新能力高于“纽带”发明人，即认知资本对二元创新的影响大于结构资本。结论对提升发明人二元创新能力具有重要参考价值。

Variance Analysis on the Role Identification and Binary Innovation Abilities of Inventor

The innovation activities of inventors are embedded in the cooperative innovation network.From the perspective of social capital,four types of inventor roles,including "star"、"hub"、"mediocrity" and "activity" inventors,are identified and defined according to two dimensions of structural capital and cognitive capital.Using the patents authorized in the Derwent Patent Database (DII) in the field of artificial intelligence,the negative binomial model is constructed to compare and analyze the binary innovation abilities of four types of inventors.The results indicate that there is significant difference in the binary innovation abilities of the inventors with different roles.The "star" and "mediocrity" inventors have the highest and lowest binary innovation abilities,respectively.The "activity" inventors have stronger binary innovation abilities than the "hub" inventors,namely,cognitive capital has greater impact on binary innovation than structural capital.Some suggestions are proposed to improve the inventor's binary innovation abilities.