低碳试点政策的绿色创新效应评估——来自中国上市公司数据的实证研究

以2000-2016年中国A股上市公司为样本，采用双重差分法评估中国低碳试点政策对企业绿色创新的作用，并进一步分析其作用机理。结果表明：①中国低碳试点政策诱发了地方企业绿色创新行为，显著提高了企业绿色创新绝对水平及相对水平；②相比于命令型工具和自愿型工具，市场型工具是低碳试点城市地方政府促进企业绿色创新行为的有效手段；③从专利类别看，低碳试点政策更有利于推动地方企业在替代能源生产、能源节约以及废弃物管理相关技术领域的绿色创新活动，且相对于绿色发明专利，低碳试点城市地方企业更倾向于绿色实用新型专利；④从企业所有制类别看，低碳试点政策同时诱发了国有企业和民营企业的绿色创新活动，且民营企业比国有企业的绿色创新水平更高。研究结论对中国政府进一步扩大低碳试点实施范围，建立灵活的市场型工具具有一定启示意义。

Evaluation of Green Innovation Effect of Low Carbon Pilot Policy

Based on the A-share listed firms in China from 2000 to 2016,this paper used the difference-in-difference method to evaluate the effect of China's low-carbon pilot policy on green innovation of firms,and further analyzes its mechanism.The research shows that: China's low-carbon pilot policy has induced the green innovation behavior of local enterprises,significantly improving the absolute level and relative level of enterprise green innovation; compared with the command tool and the voluntary tool,the market tool is an effective means for the local government of low-carbon pilot cities to promote the green innovation of enterprises.From the perspective of patent category,the low-carbon pilot policy is more conducive to promoting the green innovation activities of local enterprises in the fields of alternative energy production,energy conservation and waste management.Compared with the green invention patent,the local enterprises in the low-carbon pilot cities prefer the green utility model patent.From the perspective of the enterprise ownership category,the low-carbon pilot policy has simultaneously induced the green innovation activities of state-owned enterprises and private enterprises,but the level of green innovation of private enterprises is higher than that of state-owned enterprises.The conclusion of the study has some implications for the Chinese government to further expand the scope of low-carbon pilot implementation and establish a flexible market-oriented tool.