人工智能参与发明的授权问题探究

在弱人工智能时代,讨论人工智能参与发明的问题应以目前的人机交互（人机协作）模式为研究重点。该模式分为两种类型,第一种是将人工智能作为完成其它领域专利技术的创造性工具,第二种是发明内容本身包含了人工智能的技术方案。人工智能参与发明的授权问题主要包括人工智能参与发明的主体判断、客体审查以及授权条件评估。研究发现：首先,在主体判断问题上,在先优势路径的现实契合度高,更符合以人为本的法律制度构建;其次,进行人工智能参与发明的客体审查时,应着重防范智能算法的客体属性困境以及人工智能技术与伦理道德的冲突;最后,对于人工智能参与发明的实用性、新颖性、创造性判断,需在坚持专利法审查原则的基础上结合人工智能技术特征,赋予审查主体、审查要点等新内涵。研究结果强调了人工智能技术对现有专利制度的影响,有利于优化专利审查和管理。

Research on Authorization of Artificial Intelligence Participating in Invention

In the current era of weak artificial intelligence, discussing the issue of artificial intelligence participating in invention should focus on the current human-computer interaction (human-machine collaboration) model, which is divided into two types. The first is the use of AI as a creative tool to accomplish patented technologies in other fields, and the second is the invention itself that contains ai technical solutions. The authorization of artificial intelligence to participate in invention mainly includes subject judgment, object review and evaluation of authorization conditions. The study found that, first, in terms of subject judgment, the prior advantage path has a high degree of practical fit, which is more in line with the construction of a people-oriented legal system. Second, the object review of artificial intelligence participating in inventions should focus on preventing the object attribute dilemma of intelligent algorithms and the conflict of artificial intelligence technology on ethics. Third, the practicability, novelty, and creative judgment of artificial intelligence participation in inventions need to be based on the principles of patent law examination, combined with the characteristics of artificial intelligence technology, to give the examination subject, examination points and other new connotations. The research results highlight the impact of artificial intelligence technology on the existing patent system, which is conducive to optimizing patent examination and management.