施工隧道噪声特性识别及防护研究

职业性耳聋防护是隧道职业健康建设的重心之一,为明确施工隧道噪声特性,依托施工现场对噪声进行实测,得出了隧道噪声分布规律,通过频谱分析及经验模态分解,分析了各工序的噪声特性,引入噪声评价数提出噪声防护优先级。结果表明,上台阶抑制防水板台车局扇的噪声传播;钻孔类噪声显著变化点为2 048 Hz,喷浆运碴作业对低频噪声有抑制作用。隧道噪声能量集中在246～5 040 Hz,与职业性耳聋听力易损失频段高度重合,提出噪声防护建议,为职业健康防护提供参考。

Research on Noise Energy and Distribution Law of Long Construction Tunnel

Occupational deafness protection is one of the focuses of tunnel occupational health construction. To clarify the noise characteristics of construction tunnels, relying on the tunnel construction site, the noise sound pressure level was measured, and the noise distribution law of unconstructed tunnels was obtained. Using spectrum analysis and empirical mode decomposition methods, the noise characteristics of each process were analyzed, finally, combined with the noise evaluation number, and the tunnel noise control scheme was summarized. The results show that the upper step greatly suppresses the noise transmission of the local fan of the trolley. The significant change point of drilling is 2048 Hz, which can suppress low-frequency noise during ballast transportation and shotcrete operation. the tunnel noise energy is concentrated in 246-5040 Hz, which is highly coincident with the frequency band of occupational deafness noise that is prone to hearing loss. Therefore, noise protection suggestions are put forward to provide reference for occupational health protection.