外部性视角下空铁枢纽促进城市产业发展研究

全国多个城市将枢纽机场与轨道交通枢纽连接后进行产业布局，发挥空铁枢纽对城市经济外部性的作用。空铁枢纽是机场与高铁站联通而形成的综合交通枢纽，提升了交通出行效率，交通运输价值显著。空铁枢纽在促进城市产业发展过程中外部性显著，产业布局不断优化，产业结构更加合理，产业集聚持续增强，促进人口集中、知识经济产业集聚、城市经济增长加速繁荣。基于上海虹桥案例研究发现，空铁枢纽在机场和高铁各自产业圈层的相互作用下形成了半径3.5千米的时空经济范围，通过合理的产业布局与虹桥商务区形成联动，进而形成产城融合发展的成功经验。政府应积极进行产业布局和政策支持，合理定位城市能级，重视产业集群的产业链带动作用，促进空铁枢纽外部性的内部化成功。

Research on Promoting Urban Industrial Development by Air-Rail Hub from the Perspective of Externality

Many cities across the country connect hub-airports with rail transit for industrial layout, taking advantage of air-rail hub in urban economic externalities. The air-rail hub is a comprehensive transportation hub formed by connecting the airport and the high-speed railway station, which improves the efficiency of transportation and has significant transportation value. In the process of promoting urban industrial development, the air-rail hub has significant externalities. The industrial layout has been continuously optimized, the industrial structure has become more reasonable, and the industrial agglomeration has been continuously enhanced. The results of internalization are population concentration, industrial agglomeration of knowledge economy, and accelerated prosperity of urban economic growth. Taking Shanghai Hongqiao airport as an example, it is found that the air-rail hub has formed a spatial-time economic scope with a radius of 3.5 kilometers under the interaction of the airport and the high-speed rail industry circles. Through a reasonable industrial layout, it is linked with Hongqiao Business District, thus forming a successful experience of the port-industry-city integrated development. The government should actively carry out the industrial layout and policy support, reasonably position the city"s energy level, attach importance to the industrial cluster in the industrial chain, and promote the internalization of the externalities of the air rail hub.