我国耕地集约利用问题研究——以黑龙江省逊克县为例

耕地集约化利用则是当前我国人多地少、耕地面积和质量日益下降的时代背景下的必然要求和发展方向。本文以黑龙江省逊克县为例。从投入强度、产出效果、利用程度3方面构建了适合县域特征的耕地集约利用评价指标体系，从空间上对2006年逊克县各乡镇耕地集约利用差异性进行了综合评价。结果表明：逊克县在耕地集约利用方面取得了一些进步，但由于经济的快速发展，建设用地面积大幅增长，耕地非农化现象突出，农村劳动力将会逐步流向非农产业，导致耕地利用效率降低，同时由于自然灾害、水土流失、农业结构调整等原因，导致耕地资源数量和产出水平有明显降低，总体上各乡镇耕地集约利用水平不高。为了进一步提高逊克县耕地利用的集约水平，必须从加强农业基础设施建设、用地结构优化以及增加农业投入等几个方面加强管理。

Xunke County arable land intensive use evaluation study

Intensive use of arable land in China is much less people, and quality of arable land and decline in the context of the times and the inevitable requirement for development. In this paper, Xunke County in Heilongjiang Province as an example, from the input intensity, the output effects of three aspects of the use of the extent of the county to build a feature of the arable land suitable for intensive use of the evaluation index system, from space in 2006 on the township Xunke county differences in the use of arable land intensive to carry out a comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that： Xunke County in the intensive use of arable land has been some progress, but because of the rapid economic development and building a substantial growth area, highlighting the phenomenon of non-arable land, the gradual flow of rural labor force will be nonagricultural industries, resulting in land use efficiency reduced, at the same time due to natural disasters, soil erosion, agricultural restructuring and other reasons, the introduction of arable land resources and have significantly lower levels of output, on the whole, intensive use of arable land of the village and township level. To further enhance the Xunke county level intensive use of arable land, it is necessary to strengthen the agricultural infrastructure, land use structure optimization, as well as increasing investment in agriculture, such as strengthening the management aspects.