人力资本与基础设施投资的动力学分析

本文将公共支出引入一个两部门城市化和内生增长模型,由模型导出的人力资本跨时转移条件方便我们分析经济的过渡动力学行为。数值解结果表明,在物质资本报酬递减的情形下,公共支出的部门间配置由经济过渡动力内在地确定和稳定;如果物质资本表现出某种程度的报酬递增,公共支出的部门间配置将表现出内在不稳定。动力学分析表明,公共支出与经济增长之间存在非线性关系,换言之,存在促进经济增长的最优税率或最优公共支出比例。

Dynamics of Investment in Human Capital and Infrastructure in the Process of Urbanization and Economic Growth

By introducing public expenditure into a model of urbanization and endogenous growth, we endogenize the allocation of public expenditure between human capital accumulation and investment in infrastructure. The condition of inter-temporal transfer of human capital lends itself to the analysis of the transitional dynamics of the model. When there are diminishing returns to physical capital, the size and allocation of public expenditure are endogenously determined and stabilized. If in some degree there existg increasing returns to physical capital, the intersector allocation of public expenditure is endogenously unstable. The dynamics of the model shows that there exists a non-linear relation between public expenditure and economic growth.