城市医疗资源优化配置的出路与选择——兼论摆脱制度吸纳资源的困境

通过对中国城市医疗资源配置现状进行分析,找出城市医疗资源配置层面不均衡、医疗资源配置结构不合理、医疗资源利用率低和医疗资源配置方式不适应疾病模式变化是新医改面临的主要问题。并对其成因进行讨论,认为医疗制度运行常态化导致配置资源非均衡化,而资源配置非均衡化进一步导致效率低矮化。提出摆脱制度吸纳资源的路径和选择,首先应通过完善医疗资源配置的制度体系保证资源配置的均衡性和有效性;其次,政府应该增加医疗卫生的投入比例、明确医疗卫生产品的属性、鼓励民营营利性医院进入医疗市场,建立多元化医疗投入制度;再次,通过倡导基层医院与大医院进行双向转诊,保证就医结构的合理;最后,根据社区和乡镇医疗机构的需要培养全科医疗人才,医学院校要对基层医院的医护人员进行理论培训,保证基层医生的理论基础。

Policy Analysis of Configuration Choose and Path to Optimize City Medical System

Based analysis configuration of Chinese urban medical resources, find out the most critical agent faced new med- ical reform. This article discussed causes of critical configuration, the health system run without innovation in long-term makes medical resources configuration imbalance, further makes system inefficiency. Paper proposes how to choose the path to break away plight and provide advice to optimize public health policy design. Firstly, improve the allocation of medical resources through the institutional system to ensure a balanced allocation of resources and effectiveness. Secondly, the government should increase the proportion of investment in health care, clear health product attributes, encourage private for-profit hospitals to enter the medical market and establish a diversified medical input system. Thirdly, ensure the medical structure is reasonable. At last, Through training to ensure the theoretical foundation of primary care doctors.