国内商品贸易与居民消费水平——最终消费品及中间品流通的支撑作用

构建商品自由流通的国内统一市场能够增进消费者福祉。在地区间市场开放的条件下,对于有大量商品销往外地的地区而言,其中相应产业应具有较强的竞争力,且该商品在当地的消费市场应更为发达;而当一个地区特定产业的生产规模较小时,外地商品流入将对当地的居民消费产生支撑作用。进一步地,以中间品流通为基础的国内价值链分工能够提升产品竞争力,表现为大量商品外销的地区中交通运输、批发零售等流通行业活动的中间投入需求较大。以全国31个省2007、2012年投入产出表及经济运行数据为基础构建计量模型进行实证分析,结果印证了上述地区间商品贸易与居民消费水平间的关系机制。由此可以说明,促进地区间最终商品和中间品市场整合对于提升居民消费具有积极意义。

Domestic Trade and Resident Consumption:the Supporting Role of Consumption and Intermediate Goods Trade

Constructing a domestic integrated market with free trade of commodities can improve consumers’ welfare. Under the condition of the opening of regional markets, for regions where a large number of commodities are sold outside, the corresponding industries should have strong competitiveness, and the local consumer market should be more developed. When the production scale of a specific industry in a region is small, the inflow of commodities from outside will support the local residents’ consumption. Furthermore, the outflow of a large number of commodities will generate derived demand for intermediate input of transportation, wholesale and retail activities, since the development of domestic value chain can support the trade of intermediate goods, and enhance the competitiveness of products. Based on the input-output tables and other economic data of 31 provinces in China in 2007 and 2012, this paper constructs an econometric model for empirical analysis. The results confirm the mechanism of the relationship between inter-regional commodity trade and residents’ consumption described above. Therefore, it can be concluded that promoting the integration of the final consumption and intermediate goods markets among regions is of positive significance to the promotion of residents’ consumption.