行业收入差距的经济学解释

文章通过统计数据验证了我国行业收入的绝对差距逐渐扩大,相对差距持续高位的现实,并运用经济学的理论与分析方法论证了行业收入差距的产生与发展机理。首先,垄断企业的高利润获得机制决定其在劳动力市场中的决策主体地位;其次,行业市场分割与拥挤效应再现了垄断行业高利润与低就业的利己目标与社会效应的矛盾;最后,垄断行业存在的大量的隐性工资收入,即福利津贴等准固定劳动力成本,更加放大了行业收入的差距状况,使得民众感受的行业收入差距大于数据中的体现。这部分隐藏的非公平的社会感知,是政府决策者在缓解收入差距、促进社会公平的制度建设中应该重点解决的问题。

Industry Economics to Explain Income Gap

The gradually expanding industry absolute income gap and the high relative income gap is veritied by the statistical data in this paper. The paper analyzed the emergence and development mechanism of the income gap between the industry using the theory and method of economics. First of all, high profit mechanism of monopolies determines the decision-making main body status in the labor market. Secondly, the market segmentation and the crowding effect reproduce the contradiction between the self goals, high profits and low employment and social effect. Finally, there are a large number of recessive incomes in the monopoly industry like the welfare allowance and other fixed labor costs, increase the industry income gap situation, making people feel the industry income gap is greater than that reflected in data. The government policymakers should focus on this part of hidden and unfair social perception to ease the income gap and promote social justice system construction.