乡村旅游地的城市化效应及调控对策-基于旅游影响的分析视角

对旅游影响的研究从地理学、人类学和社会学的三重视角入手,得出旅游影响是互为条件的复合体系的论断。旅游影响的作用机理体现在乡村作为旅游目的地和客源地的双重角色，由旅游开发引发的乡村旅游地城市化包括适度城市化、过度城市化和滞后城市化三种类型，旅游消费观念的变化、文化生态的异质性、政策效应和开发成本的经济性、乡村经济发展的自觉需要是产生城市化问题的四重动力。针对乡村旅游引发的城市化问题，提出合理规划、营造特色、推进产业结构调整、完善旅游产业要素体系、建构统一的资本和人力资源平台等应对措施，以引导乡村旅游的可持续发展。

The Effect of Rural Sightseeing Region Urbanization: Based on the Influence of Tourism

From the perspectives of geography, anthropology and sociology, tourism influence is considered as a mutually conditional composite system. The mechanism of tourism influence is embodied in dual roles- the tourist destination and the tourist source. Rural sightseeing region urbanization, which is incurred by tourism development, includes moderate urbanization, excessive urbanization and under urbanization. The changes of consumer’s tourism attitudes, cultural and ecological heterogeneity, effects of policy and development costs of economy, initiatives to develop rural economy are four drivers of urbanization. Finally, some suggestions on rural tourism are put forward.