社区参与、集体行动与新农村建设

在发展中国家,社区参与治理已经成为农村经济发展的关键.传统理论强调个人理性行为导致集体行动困境.本文通过将参与意识纳入博弈论分析框架演绎出社区参与发生的外部条件,外部通过降低个体参与的成本收益比率,促使社区参与规模产生临界值效应而形成高水平集体行动均衡,社区参与形成的集体行动促使公用地悲剧为公用地繁荣.我国新农村建设过程中,需构建政府、市场和社区参与的综合发展框架.

Community involvement,collective action,and the construction of new countryside

In developing countries, the governance with community involvement has become the key to rural economic development. Traditional theory stresses on collective action dilemma brought by personal rational behavior. The article deduces the outside conditions for community involvement by incorporating the participation concept into the analysis framework of gaming theory. The outside conditions, by lowering the cost-revenue ratio of individual participation, encourage the community to be involved in the marginal value effects produced by scale, so as to form the equilibrium of high-level collective action. The collective action with community involvement changes the tragedy of the commons into the prosperity of the commons. The process of China's new rural construction requires setting up comprehensive development framework with the participation of the government, the market, and the community.