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A capital assets framework for appraising and building capacity for tourism development in aboriginal protected area gateway communities
Authors:Nathan Bennett  Raynald Harvey Lemelin
Institution:a Marine Protected Areas Research Group, Geography Department, University of Victoria, PO Box 3060, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3R4
b School of Outdoor Recreation, Parks and Tourism, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada P7B 5E1
c Design Centre for Sustainability, University of British Columbia, 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
Abstract:Tourism may constitute an important livelihood option and conservation incentive for communities located near protected areas (PAs). Gateway communities can benefit significantly from the development of tourism through increased employment, financial gains, infrastructure creation, cultural revitalization, and environmental protection. Yet, tourism is not a panacea for PA communities and the development of a local tourism industry often fails to deliver significant economic, social, cultural, and environmental benefits. Clearly defined frameworks for maximizing the benefits from tourism development for PA communities are needed so that tourism can more directly support community development and conservation efforts. This paper presents a framework for appraising and building community capacity for tourism development in aboriginal protected area gateway communities. The framework was developed through the analysis of qualitative results from five different research projects around seven capital assets (i.e., natural, physical and built, financial, political and institutional, social, cultural, and human capitals). Preliminary results from application and testing of the framework are also explored. The framework presented herein has significant potential for broader application in non-aboriginal, international, and non-protected area communities.
Keywords:Tourism development  Capacity building  Capital assets  Aboriginal tourism  Protected areas  Conservation and development
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