集群环境下生产制造型企业与第三方物流的协同决策研究

为了解决集群环境下生产制造型企业与第三方物流之间合理的收益分配与风险共担问题,提高协同企业系统的运行效果,在探析集群环境下双方在协同模式中的收益与风险关系基础上,提出了基于Shapley值的协同收益分配与风险分摊决策模型,分别探索了以物流成本与收益分配,物流成本与风险损失两对变量之间的波动变化规律,并将之集成计算得出了协同选择的临界点与取值范围,辅助参与企业决策,通过实证研究验证了收益分配曲线与风险量化曲线的正向相关性波动规律。结果表明:集群环境中的生产制造型企业与第三方物流的协同模式具有以市场需求为中心的组织特点,影响协同选择的风险因素主要有生产制造型企业和第三方物流的地位与作用、协同各方投入与贡献度随时间推移产生的变化、外部产业政策及内部自适应等;在协同过程中,各参与企业所获得的收益与承担的风险与所投入的物流成本之间存在着正相关关系,且存在着选择临界点;模型演算出的协同选择临界点,可保障协同模型的长期性与稳定性。研究结果为物流协同选择研究提供了新思路,对企业协同选择决策具有借鉴意义。

Research on collaborative selection decision-making of manufacturing enterprises and the third party logistics in the cluster environment

In order to solve problem of reasonable interest allocation and risk-sharing which is known as an important factor for manufacturing enterprises and the third party logistics to choose collaboration or not, and promote the operation effect of the cooperative system, based on deeply exploration of the interest and risk relationship in the cluster environment, decision model of interest allocation and risk sharing based on the Shapley value is put forward. The fluctuation law of two pair of variables of logistics cost and interest allocation, logistics cost and risk of loss is explored, respectively, and the critical point and the value range of the synergistic selection is worked out so as to support enterprise''s decision-making. The empirical study verifies the positive correlation between interest allocation curve and risk quantization curve. The results show that the collaboration model between manufacturing enterprises and the third party logistics in the cluster environment has the organizational characteristics of taking market demand as the center, and risk factors influencing the collaborative selection include the status and role of manufacturing enterprises and the third party logistics, input and contribution of the parties and its changes over time, the external industrial policy and internal adaptive, etc.; in the collaborative process, there is a positive correlationship between the interests and risks of participating enterprises and their logistics costs, as well as a critical point of choice. The critical points of collaborative selection obtained by the model can guarantee the long-term stability of the collaborative model. The research results provide new ideas for the study of logistics collaborative choice and have some reference for enterprise collaborative choice decision.