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Knowledge externalities and demand pull: The European evidence |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Università di Torino, Departimento di Economia “Cognetti de Martiis”, Lungo Dora Siena 100A, 10153 Turin, Italy;2. Collegio Carlo Alberto, BRICK, via Real Collegio 30, 10024 Moncalieri, Turin, Italy;1. Department of Finance, Feng Chia University, 100,Wenhwa Rd., Seatwen, Taichung, 407, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Senior Citizen Service Management, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, 193, Sec 1, Sanmin Road, Taichung, 40343, Taiwan, ROC;1. Banque de France et Université Aix-Marseille, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France;2. Banque de France, France;1. Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics, Goce Delcev 9B, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia;2. University of Sydney, School of Economics, Room 343, Merewether Building H04, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;3. 1818 H Street, Washington, DC 20433, USA |
| Abstract: | This paper elaborates the microeconomic foundations of the demand pull hypothesis stressing the role of vertical knowledge externalities stemming from user–producer knowledge interactions that parallel vertical transactions. The paper articulates and tests the hypothesis that such competent demand is actually able to pull technological change only when it is expressed by advanced users, able to provide relevant knowledge externalities to their customers. Using input output tables we test empirically this hypothesis for 15 European countries in the years 1995–2007. The evidence confirms that the increase in productivity of the upstream sectors is positively influenced by the sector-level derived demand, according to the upstream rates of introduction of innovations and to the intensity of the user–producer interactions. The policy implications of the analysis enable to elaborate and implement the notion of a ‘competent’ public demand. |
| Keywords: | Derived demand Knowledge externalities User–producer sectoral interactions Input output tables |
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