适应高质量发展的银行资产负债结构研究——以A股上市银行为研究样本

十九大报告指出我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向"高质量发展"阶段,经济发展需坚持质量第一、效益优先。银行作为重要的金融中介,在配置资产负债时,如何承担促进经济高质量发展的社会责任,同时实现自身经营绩效最优,是其经营管理中亟待解决的重要问题。本文以28家A股上市银行为研究样本,从促进经济高质量发展和实现经营绩效最大化两个维度,探索出适应高质量发展的最优银行资产负债结构,即:配合供给侧结构性改革拓展信贷规模;基于用户需求导向创新存款产品;压缩同业业务,减空转、降利率;适当增加债券投融资业务,助力发展多层次资本市场。基于以上研究结果,本文最后对银行的资产负债结构提出相关政策建议。

Banks' Asset and Liability Structure Adapting to High Quality Development: The Research of A-Share Listed Banks

The report of the 19th National Congress of CPC pointed out that China''s economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a "high quality development" stage. Quality and efficiency should be considered as the most important things in economy development. As an important type of financial intermediary, the banks, to shoulder the social responsibility of promoting high-quality economic development and achieve the best operating performances are both significant when allocating assets and liabilities, and this is an important problem to be solved urgently in the operation and management. Taking 28 A-share listed banks as research samples, this paper explores the optimal asset-liability structure of banks which is suitable for high quality development from the two dimensions of promoting high quality economic development and maximizing business performance, cooperating with supply-side structural reform to expand credit scale; innovating deposit products based on user demand; compressing inter-bank business, reducing idling and interest rate; appropriately increasing bond investment and financing business, and helping develop multi-level capital market. Based on the above research results, this paper finally puts forward relevant policy recommendations on the asset-liability structure of banks.