区位要素与资本禀赋对农户林地利用方式的影响

根据陕西省和江西省654户农户的调查数据,以可持续生计分析框架为基础,运用多元Logit模型实证分析区位要素与资本禀赋对农户林地利用方式的影响。结果表明:农户选择林地利用方式的行为存在一定的区域差异;是否有收购商、是否靠近旅游区、村经济水平、木材市场价格和林业雇工价格等区位要素对农户林地利用方式具有显著影响;农户的年龄、是否加入合作社、社会关系网络、林业收入能力、融资渠道、耕地面积等资本禀赋要素对农户林地利用方式具有显著影响;农户年龄和耕地面积对竹林生产具有较大的影响;是否加入合作社、社会关系网络、林业收入能力和融资渠道对农户经营用材林具有较大的影响。

The Influence of Location Factors and Capital Endowment on the Utilization Mode of Farmers'Forestland

⑴Background——With the deepening of the reform on collective forest right system,farmers'enthusiasm for forestry production has been improved,location factors and capital endowment have become the key factors affecting farmers'forest land use way.⑵Methods——A total number of 654 valid samples are obtained in this paper.By using the multiple Logit model and taking timber stands as the‘reference scheme’,regression estimates are made on the utilization of bamboo forests,economic forests and undergrowth economy one by one,in order to empirically study the impact of location factors and capital endowment on the utilization of farmers'woodlands.⑶Results——The capital endowment of farmers are various under different utilization modes of forestland.The average age of farmers operating bamboo forests is the oldest(55)and the average age of farmers operating timber forests is the youngest(52).In addition,the average family income of economic forest farmers is the largest at 66,800 yuan,while the average family income of under forest economic farmers is the smallest at 47,200 yuan.And the differences of location factors have a direct impact on the use of forest land.Among them,the population concentration degree of timber forest farmers is the highest,which are 1911 households,and that of undergrowth economy is the lowest,which are 1073 households.Furthermore,the economic level of the village where timber forest farmers are selected is the highest,which is 8663 yuan,while the average economic level of the village where the undergrowth economy farmers are located is the lowest,which is 6265 yuan.In addition,location factors and capital endowment have a significant impact on the use of forest land.Moreover,whether there are purchasers in the village has a significant negative correlation with the 5%level of farmers'choice of bamboo forest and economic forest production,and the probability of farmers'choice of operating bamboo forest and economic forest decreases by 4.8%and 5.5%respectively for every 1%increase in the proportion of purchasers.Finally,the impact of social network on farmers'choice of economic forest production is significantly negative at the level of 1%,and the probability of farmers'choice of operating economic forest decreases by 5.4%every 1%increase of social network.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——First,the location factors and capital endowment are key factors affecting the way of the utilization on farmers'forestland and locational factors in the village have purchase business,whether the village near the tourist areas,economic level of the village,timber market prices,forestry workers and the age of capital endowment,such as whether to join the cooperatives,social relation network,forestry income ability,financing channels and cultivated land to the utilization on farmers'forestland greatly influenced.Secondly,the effect of location factors and capital endowment on farmers with different utilization modes of forestland is various.Finally,bamboo forest producers and farmers are more affected by age and cultivated land area,while timber forest operators are more affected by whether to join cooperatives,social network,forestry income capacity and financing channels.Therefore,the government should fully consider the influence of location factors when formulating policies to benefit the people,assist village committees to increase the construction of socialized service systems,provide farmers with more relevant market information,create a good village environment,and stimulate farmers'willingness to invest.