吉林省天保区和非天保区林业产业结构效应的对比研究

基于1996—2017年吉林省天保工程区和非天保工程区林业三次产业产值数据,运用偏离-份额分析法对两个区域进行比较研究,分析区域内具有竞争力和区域优势的产业。研究结果表明:天保工程实施以来,吉林省天保区林业第三产业逐步取代第二产业成为支柱产业,但林业产业经济总量较低,产值增速缓慢,对吉林省林业经济增长的贡献不明显,第一、二产业竞争力和区域优势偏弱;非天保区仍以林业第二产业为主导产业,第一、二产业产值增速较快,对吉林省林业经济增长的贡献明显,其产业竞争力和区域优势突出。因此,吉林省天保区应创新林业第三产业的发展模式,实现林业可持续发展的多元化途径;非天保区在保持林业第二产业发展势头的同时,应注重经济质量的增长。

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Forestry Industrial Structure between in NFPP Area and Outside NFPP Area in Jilin Province

⑴ Background——Since the implementation of Natural Forest Protection Project(NFPP),the ecological environment in NFPP area has improved significantly,and the forest resources and biodiversity have been restored.At the same time,the economic development in NFPP area has been affected.The infrastructure construction,the family economic situation and social security of the workers in NFPP area are still at a low level.How to solve the planning problem about the development of the regional forestry industry and establish a sustainable growth point of forestry economy,plays an important role in improving the production and living standards in NFPP area and promoting the sound development of forestry economy.⑵ Methods——Based on the product data of three forestry industry in NFPP area and outside NFPP area in Jilin Province from 1996 to 2017,the shift-share method was used to compare the characteristics of the changes of forestry industrial structure in the two areas before and after the implementation of NFPP,analyze the impact of NFPP on the forestry industrial structure,and find out the comparative advantages industry of forestry industries in NFPP area and outside NFPP area after the implementation of NFPP.⑶ Results——After the implementation of NFPP,the third forestry industry in NFPP area replaced the secondary forestry industry gradually as a pillar industry,its production value exceeded 40% of total forestry product in NFPP area by 2017.However,the economic volume of the third forestry industry is lower in NFPP area accounts for half of the amount outside NFPP area,and the product growth rate about 10% is slower than which outside NFPP area,so that the contribution to the forestry economy of Jilin Province is insufficient.Its industrial competitiveness and regional advantages are greater in third industries whose D-values and PD-values are greater than 0 and higher than values outside NFPP area respectively.When come to production value of outside NFPP area,we can find the product about 80 trillion secondary forestry industry created has exceeded 60% of the total forestry product,,and it is also 10 times more than the value in NFPP area,so its N-values is bigger and still the leading industry outside NFPP area of Jilin Province.The product of the first and secondary forestry industry have increased rapidly outside NFPP area,contributing significantly to the growth of forestry economy in the Jilin Province,and their industrial competitiveness and regional advantages are obvious.Its industrial competitiveness and regional advantages are weaker in first and secondary forestry industries whose D-values and PD-values are greater than 0 and higher than values in NFPP area respectively.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Since the implementation of NFPP,the forestry industry in Jilin Province has developed steadily and achieved common benefit in ecological and economic benefits.However,the gap between the product of the third forestry industry in NFPP area and outside NFPP area is widening,and the regional advantages in NFPP area is weakening.The secondary forestry industry lack competitiveness,while the comparative advantages of the third forestry industry are more prominent,which is the leading force to promote the economy development.The secondary forestry industry outside NFPP area has absolute advantages and it is the main growth point of forestry economy in Jilin Province.Besides,its timber processing and manufacturing and non-wood forest products processing have been fully developed and have strong competitiveness.