贸易政策的变化及其对贸易流量的影响

改革开放三十年来,我国一直执行有管理的渐进式自由化贸易政策,强调政府对贸易的干预,其核心在于对大多数产业实行渐进式的自由化贸易政策,对少数产业实行较低保护与温和出口鼓励政策,这样就可以实现贸易自由化和贸易保护的双重目标①。本文从"较低进口保护"——关税政策和"温和出口鼓励"——出口退税政策两方面进行局部和一般均衡的理论与实证考察。通过研究发现,我国的海关税则与贸易政策基本同步变动,表明关税是我国一项很重要的制度性政策;而政府在实施出口退税政策时更加注重其对贸易流量影响的短期效应。

The Development of Trade Policy and Its Impact on Trade Flows

During the last 30 years of the Reform and Opening-up,China has been implementing a series of managed progressive policies of trade liberalization,emphasizing on the official influence on trade.The core of these policies is to implement progressive liberalized trade policies to most industries and lower protections while adopting moderate export encouragement policies to the others.Thus it is feasible to achieve dual objectives of trade liberalization and trade protection.By adopting partial and general equ...