正视农村剩余劳动力转移的挑战

中国在10年左右的周期内农村剩余劳动力转出的总规模需要达到1．5亿到两亿人。城乡劳动力对就业岗位的竞争正在趋于激化。大中型城市将是新增就业岗位的主要来源。就业岗位正在成为国际竞争中最稀缺的资源。就业优先应当成为最重要的战略取向。劳动力市场发育要优先于其他要素的市场发育,就业岗位增加要优先于社会收入水平提高。就业政策的重点是要防止供求不平衡导致交易价格被压低到供给成本之下,同时保证有限的就业机会优先分配给最优秀、最有效率的群体。

The Challenge of Superabundance Rural Labor Transfering to Urban Area

About 150-200 million superabundant rural labors would need to transfer to other industries and find their jobs in urban areas in 10-15 yeas to come in China. The competition between rural labor group and urban labor group in job market is becoming more and more acute. New employment opportunities will be created mainly by big and middle cities. Now employment opportunity has become the most rare resource in the world e-conomy. The economic strategy of China should be based on the principle of " employment first". The labor market in China should be developed faster than other element markets. The increase of employment opportunity should proceed over the growth of social income level. The policies of employment should focus on preventing the wage level from being depressed too low to live, and guaranteeing the limited employment resource to be distributed to the most efficient group.