公共品成本均衡化实证探讨

公共品成本不由市场直接决定,而是通过政府采购成本和对比关系决定,税收是公共品成本的主要来源。公共品成本过高将挤占稀缺的社会经济资源,导致公共品与普通品总量失去均衡关系。通过1996-2009年国民生产总值、财政收入、实体利润和劳动力工资收入4个因素总量以及1991-2008年事业机关单位与企业用工总量对比的数据统计,分别对公共品成本分配关系与构成要素进行实证分析,研究发现财政收入增速远远高于GDP增速,工资收入增长最为缓慢;公共品生产的劳动力成本明显大于企业劳动力成本,导致公共品的成本高于普通品的成本。为实现公共品与普通品的均衡供给,公共品定义不宜过宽,公共服务机构需要减少人头数量,经济增长应优先于政府公共品收入并提高职工工资收入。

Demonstration Discussion on Equivalent of Public Goods Cost

The cost of public goods is not determined by market directly but by government procurement costs and contrast relationship, and tax is the main source of the cost of public goods. The high cost of public goods will occupy scarce social economic resources, leading to losing equilibrium relationship between public goods and common goods. Through the data statistics of 4 factors including national GDP, fiscal revenue, entity profits and labor wage income in 1996 -2009 years and total contrast between institutions unit and enterprise employee in 1991 -2008 years, this paper respectively makes empirical analysis on allocation relationship and structure elements of public goods cost. The results show that the fiscal revenue growth is far higher than GDP growth, wage income growth is most slow; and labor costs of public goods production are significantly greater than that of enterprise, leading to that public goods cost is more than the average product cost. For realizing the balance of supply between public goods and common product, public goods definition should not be too wide, public services need to reduce the number of head; economic growth should take precedence over the government public goods income and improve worker wage income.