基于径流路径优化的校园景观海绵化改造研究——以天津大学青年湖片区为例

校园中以硬质铺装为主的场地能够满足师生日常公共活动需求，然而集中的不透水地面、屋面会增大场地雨洪压力。在保证硬质下垫面功能属性的同时，实现雨洪的有效管控是校园景观海绵化改造的核心问题之一。通过获取高精度的场地空间数据，构建SWMM概化模型，分析不同暴雨重现期下不同场景的径流量、峰值流量、峰现时间及不同排水口的流量变化规律，得出基于径流路径优化的校园景观海绵化改造对策，即以优化雨水径流路径为导向，适当组织线性GSI措施，引导产汇流方向，降低场地中有效不透水面积(EIA)，减轻场地雨洪压力。最后结合青年湖片区的景观现状，提出以优化径流路径为导向的系统化、立体化、适地性、可观赏的校园雨洪管理模式，对于中小尺度公共空间海绵化改造实践具有实操价值和指导意义。

Study on Sponge Transformation of Campus Landscape Based on Runoff Path Optimization: A Case Study of Youth Lake Area of Tianjin University

The hardened pavement on the campus can meet the needs of teachers and students for daily public activities. However, the concentrated impermeable ground and roof may cause stormwater pressure on the site. While ensuring the functional properties of hardened underlying surface, it is one of the problems that campus landscape sponge reconstruction faces to realize the effective control of rainwater. By obtaining high precision field spatial data, this study built SWMM generalized model, analyzed the different scenarios of runoff under different return period of heavy rain, peak flow, peak time and different hydrological response law of drain, and concluded the campus landscape sponge transformation measures that select the appropriate linear GSI measures according to the direction of storm runoff, guide the direction of runoff, reduce the EIA area, and alleviate the pressure of site rainwater. Finally, by sorting out the landscape status quo of Youth Lake area, a systematized, dimensional, land-suitable and viewable campus rainwater management model guided by optimized runoff path is proposed, which has practical value and guiding significance for the practice of sponge transformation of small and medium-scale public spaces.