社会保障的新理念与中国农民扶持性社会保障体制

中国的市场化改革使广大的中国农民直接暴露在现代市场经济风险下,而家庭联产承包制的实施又使改革开放前与计划经济体制相适应的保障体制无法运转,这样,中国广大农民成为了现代市场经济中最没有保障的弱势群体。因此,建立农民社会保障体系的意义重大。中国农民社会保障体制迟迟没有建立的原因有二:其一,传统社会保障理念仅考虑到其工具价值,忽视了其目的价值;其二,农民的组织化程度低,导致他们在社会利益分割过程中没有谈判地位。从建立农民社会保障体制的双重价值出发,建立保障农民生存权和基本发展权的农民扶持性社会保障体制具有重要意义。

New concepts of social security and the supported social security system for Chinese peasants

China's marketization reform exposes Chinese peasants to the risks of modern market economy,while the implementation of the household contract responsibility system makes the security system,which fit the planning economic system well before the reform and opening-up,unable to function well.In this case,Chinese peasants will become the most vulnerable social group without any security mechanism to protect in modern market economy.Therefore,it is of great importance to establish social security system for the peasants.There are two factors influencing the establishment of the system:first,the traditional security concept just considers the instrumental value while neglects the terminal value;second,the peasants' weak sense of organization results in their no position in the negotiation for social benefits division.Considering the dual value of establishing social security system for the peasants,it is important to establish a supported social security system to secure their rights of subsistence and development.