人力资本在经济增长中的作用：中国和巴基斯坦的比较研究

本文通过比较分析中国和巴基斯坦的经济增长 ,检验人力资本在各自国家经济增长中的作用。我们的结果是 :GDP与用除小学教育外不同教育水平的在校学生比率代表的人力资本有正相关关系 ,但是 ,当我们用各级学校的在校学生比率与劳动力相乘 ,反映参与GDP生产的劳动力的人力资本存量时 ,中国的GDP与所有各教育水平所表示的人力资本量成正相关关系 ,巴基斯坦小学层次的量则仍与其GDP增长成负相关。从总体上 ,对于两个国家来说 ,后一种测量方法要比用简单的在校学生率要好。

The Role of Human Capital in Economic Growth: A Comparative Study of China and Pakistan

Human capital accumulation has been considered an important factor in economic development.This paper examines the role of human capital in economic growth,a comparative analysis between China and Pakistan.Our results indicate that GDP is positively related to human capital measures proxied by schooling enrollment rates at different levels of education except for primary education.But by introducing another measure for human capital i.e.,human capital embodied labor,in case of China GDP is positively related with this measure of human capital for all levels of education.But for Pakistan,primary education has still negative effect on GDP growth.But overall,for both countries,this new measure performs better as compared to simple schooling enrollment rates.