《三国演义》战争叙述中的经营思维与话语

作为一部经典战争小说，《三国演义》之所以被广泛应用于现代商业活动，不能仅仅单向地归因于“商场如战场”的修辞场域，而还应归因于其“战场如商场”的反向修辞，即它常常运用一系列经营性的修辞语来叙述战争故事。如以“借还”、“赚赔”等修辞语来叙述敌我争斗情势，以“赏罚”、“买卖”等修辞语来建构主从关系，尤其是君臣关系，等等。《三国演义》还采取了“奸商”、“奸贼”、“奸雄”等角色互拟策略，叙述战争故事。因此，从某种意义上讲，《三国演义》的作者有意无意地运用了“战场如商场”的修辞思维，使得人们无需进行话语置换，便可得心应手地直接搬弄到商务运营等经济活动中。

On the Business Thinking and Discourse in War Stories Narrating of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"

As a classical war story,"Romance of the Three Kingdoms " is widely applied to the modern commercial activity,not merely attributable to one-way rhetoric threshold " shopping malls just like battle field ",and also attribute to the reverse rhetoric "battlefield,like shopping malls",namely it is often a series of economic and operational use of the rhetorical discourse to narrate war stories.The rhetorical discourse,such as "books and return ""earn and lose" is used to describe the struggle situation between us and enemy,and then,"award and punish" "buy and sale" is used to build from the main relations,especially relations between the monarch and officials,and so on."Romance of the Three Kingdoms" also adopted "profiteers" "traitor" "master plotter" to act each other,such as strategy,to narrate war stories.Therefore,in a sense,the author of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms",intentionally or unintentionally,used the rhetoric of thinking "battlefield,like shopping malls",makes it unnecessary to replace discourse so as to apply in economic activities.