Why don’t some people complain? A cognitive-emotive process model of consumer complaint behavior |
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Authors: | Nancy Stephens Kevin P Gwinner |
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Institution: | (1) Arizona State University, Arizona, USA;(2) East Carolina University, Carolina, USA |
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Abstract: | This article reports the development of a theoretical model of consumer complaint behavior by using cognitive appraisal theory
as its foundation. Because of its importance to management and lack of attention in the marketing literature, specific emphasis
is placed on the phenomenon of noncomplaining and the role of consumer emotion in dissatisfying marketplace experiences. The
model presents cognitive appraisal as the key element in the evaluation of consumer threat and harm, which subsequently may
result in psychological stress. Stressful appraisal outcomes are suggested to elicit emotive reactions that, in conjunction
with cognitive appraisal, influence the type of coping strategy used by the consumer. Three coping strategies (problem focused,
emotion focused, and avoidance) are identified and discussed. Key propositions are illustrated by using in-depth interview
data from a sample of older female consumers.
Nancy Stephens is an associate professor of marketing at Arizona State University. She has published a variety of studies on consumer behavior,
services marketing, and marketing communications issues in such publications as theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Advertising Research, theJournal of Advertising, and theJournal of Services Marketing, as well as many conference proceedings.
Kevin P. Gwinner is an assistant professor of marketing in the School of Business at East Carolina University, North Carolina. His research
interests include performance issues of customer-contact service employees, consumer complaint behaviors, and corporate sponsorship
issues. His research has been published in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theInternational Journal of Service Industry Management, International Marketing Review, and theJournal of Marketing Education. |
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