Explaining participation in off-the-books entrepreneurship in Ukraine: a gendered evaluation |
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Authors: | Colin C Williams John Round |
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Institution: | (1) Centre for Regional Economic and Enterprise Development (CREED) Edgbaston, School of Management, University of Sheffield, 9 Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 4DT, UK;(2) School of Geographical Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK |
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Abstract: | Despite the growing recognition that many entrepreneurs conduct some or all of their trade off-the-books, few have evaluated
whether there are variations in the rationales of men and women engaging in this shadow enterprise culture. Reporting face-to-face
interviews with 331 entrepreneurs in Ukraine during 2005–06, of whom 90 per cent operated partially or wholly off-the-books,
the finding is that women are largely ‘reluctant’ entrepreneurs and men more commonly chiefly ‘willing’ entrepreneurs, although
both motives are normally co-present to differing degrees in entrepreneurs’ explanations and their relative importance changes
over time. The paper concludes by discussing the implications for both further research and public policy. |
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Keywords: | |
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