欧盟-伊朗支付系统INSTEX结算机制影响分析及建议

2019年初,为了充分维护欧洲企业的利益,德法英三国合作设立"支持贸易往来工具"(INSTEX)结算机制,绕开美元支付捆绑,通过以物易物的模式与伊朗进行商贸往来。虽然INSTEX机制被寄予摆脱美元霸权、维护伊核协议等期望,但在实际运行中仍遇到很多复杂问题,易货交易机制的可行性有待验证,伊朗对INSTEX机制并不积极,欧盟内部需要加强协调配合。INSTEX机制不仅给伊核问题带来新的变数,同时给国际政治经济格局带来新变化,为全球"去美元化"提供新框架,给人民币国际化带来新启示。建议中国石油企业密切跟踪,重点关注,谨慎对待,提前做好中国加入INSTEX机制的预案,从内部制度调整、人才选拔、流程优化等方面做好准备,协助政府开展有关工作,为促进在伊朗业务的健康发展创造有利条件。

Impact analysis and recommendations on the INSTEX mechanism in EU-Iran

In early 2019,Germany,France and Britain set up an"INSTEX"settlement mechanism to bypass the US dollar payment bundle and conduct business with Iran through a barter model in order to fully protect the interests of European companies.Although the INSTEX mechanism is expected to get rid of the hegemony of the US dollar and maintain the Iran nuclear agreement,it still faces such many complicated problems in the actual operation as the feasibility of barter is yet to be tested,Iran is not active in the INSTEX mechanism,and the need of more co-ordination within the EU.INSTEX mechanism not only brings new variables to the Iranian nuclear issue,but also brings new changes to the international political and economic landscape,provides a new framework for global de-dollarization,and brings new inspiration to the internationalization of RMB.It is suggested that Chinese oil companies closely track,focus on and treat it with caution,make plans for China to join the INSTEX mechanism in advance,make active preparations from internal system adjustment,talent selection,process optimization and other aspects,assist the government to carry out relevant work,and create favorable conditions for promoting the healthy development of business in Iran.