浅析土地价值捕获理念及其机制构建

土地价值捕获是指将由于社会经济自然增长、政府土地使用规划管理或公共工程设施建设而带来的土地价值增长有效回收并重新投入社会的政策工具。世界上许多发达国家或地区,在城市发展的进程中构建出了包括宏观价值捕获、直接价值捕获、间接价值捕获等多种形式的土地价值捕获工具,实行了政府对土地收入和城市公共支出的有效管理和分配。中国大陆目前尚未建立起完善的土地价值捕获机制,仍是以土地出让为主获取大量的一次性收入,来为城市基础设施和公共服务设施的建设筹集资金,是一种不可持续的发展方式。鉴于此,本文通过分析美国、西班牙、香港等发达国家和地区的土地价值捕获制度经验,旨在为我国完善土地价值捕获机制构建提出一些可行性的建议。

Analysis of Land Value Capture Concept and Its Mechanism Construction

Land value capture refers to a policy tool that effectively recovers and reintegrates land value growth brought about by natural socio-economic growth, government land use planning and management, or construction of public engineering facilities. Many developed countries or regions in the world have constructed various forms of land value capture tools including macro value capture, direct value capture, and indirect value capture in the process of urban development, and implemented effective management and distribution of land revenue and urban public expenditure by the government. China's Mainland has not yet established a perfect land value capture mechanism. It is still an unsustainable development method to obtain a large amount of one-time income based on land transfer to raise funds for the construction of urban infrastructure and public service facilities. In view of this, this paper analyzes the experience of the land value capture system in developed countries and regions such as the United States, Spain, and Hong Kong, and aims to put forward some feasible suggestions for improving the construction of the land value capture mechanism in China.