深化集体林权制度改革新分析框架:集体林产权安全

产权经济学理论认为产权清晰或产权明确只是引导外部性内部化、激励与约束和减少不确定性功能的必要条件,而不是充分条件,产权功能的实现还有赖于产权的安全性。产权安全包括法律产权安全、事实产权安全和感知产权安全。集体林产权安全不足是由集体林产权赋权和产权制度实际运行导致。从行为经济学理论出发,集体林三个维度的产权安全性都会直接影响集体林经营主体经营行为,而经营主体因资源禀赋、认知能力、行为能力和风险偏好等因素具有异质性,其集体林经营行为必然存在差异性。因此,以“明晰产权、承包到户”为核心的集体林权制度改革未能取得预期的效果可以从集体林产权安全角度得到一定的理论解释。建立从集体林产权安全角度研究集体林经营主体经营行为的研究框架,具有科学价值和应用价值。

A New Analytical Framework For Deepening the Reform of Collective Forest Property Right System: Collective Forest Property Right Security

First,conduct an in-depth analysis of property rights security,property rights efficiency functions,the three dimensions of property rights security and their interrelationships,and then theoretically explain the lower security of collective forest property rights,and finally put forward the theoretical framework and main content of collective forest property rights security analysis. The reasons for the insufficient security of collective forest property rights: On the one hand,the property rights system formed by administrative compulsory empowerment of collective forest property rights may be discriminatory and restrict the ability of actors to exercise property rights. On the other hand,the basic system of collective forest property rights has been continuously and compulsorily adjusted,and additional adjustments on the production of environmental public products and restrictions on the use,and the influence of informal institutions,and the influence of the legal environment. Therefore,the failure of the collective forest rights system reform with "clarification of property rights and contract to households"as the core to achieve the expected results can be explained from the perspective of collective forest property rights security. The security of the three dimensions of collective forest property rights will directly affect the management behavior of collective forest management entities,and the management entities are heterogeneous due to factors such as resource endowment,cognitive ability,behavioral ability,and risk preference,which inevitably lead to differences in collective forest management behaviors. Farmers' behaviors of collective forest management entities have typical characteristics of bounded rationality,making their behaviors more susceptible to perceptions formed in negative information situations. Therefore,research on the impact of collective forest perceived property rights security on farmers' collective forest management behaviors should be highlighted. It has theoretical and practical value to establish a research framework for the management behavior of collective forest management entities based on the security of property rights. The main contents that can be studied under the framework of collective forest property rights security analysis theory are as follows: First,analyze and explain the relationship between collective forest property rights system reform and collective forest property rights security. Second,analyze the scientific connotation of the security of collective forest property rights and the factors that affect the security of collective forest property rights; study the relationship and mechanism of collective forest legal property rights,de facto property rights and perceived property rights security,especially the government administrative power that affects collective forest de facto property rights The impact of non-standard operation and local informal systems on the perception of collective forest property rights security. Third,study the difference between legal property rights and de facto property rights of collective forests,and explain the mechanism of the differences. Fourth,study and evaluate the perception dimension and evaluation index system of property rights security of collective forest management entities. Fifth,empirically study the perception level of property rights security of collective forest management entities and analyze the mechanism of differences in the perception of property rights security of heterogeneous forest management entities. Sixth,study and analyze the impact and difference of the perception of property rights security on the forestry investment,planting choices and forestland circulation of heterogeneous forest management entities. Seventh,research and design ways and policies to improve the security of collective forest property rights.