黑龙江省林下经济与生态环境系统耦合协调发展研究

运用耦合协调度模型分析2006—2018年黑龙江省林下经济与生态环境系统之间内在耦合关系的变化规律及其产生原因。结果表明:通过将耦合关系与林下经济发展相对优先度相结合,耦合关系变化可分为3个阶段,2006—2009年耦合协调度主要处于濒临失调阶段,林下经济发展滞后于生态环境发展;2010—2012年耦合协调度由勉强耦合阶段转变为濒临失调阶段,林下经济超前于生态环境发展;2013—2018年耦合协调度处于勉强耦合阶段,林下经济与生态环境持续同步协调发展。因此,根据研究成果提出确立生态优先原则、坚持特色发展、提高科技水平、合理开发林下经济产业的建议,以促进黑龙江省林下经济与生态环境系统的耦合协调发展。

A Study on the Coupling and Coordinated Development of Under-forest Economy and Eco-environmental System in Heilongjiang

(1)Background——With the implementation of the natural forest resources protection project,it is more and more arduous to coordinate the development of under-forest economy and ecological environment,and it is also urgent to study the coupling relationship between under-forest economy and ecological environment.(2) Methods——Through the establishment of coupling coordination model of under-forest economy and ecological environment,the coupling relationship between under-forest economy and ecological environment in Heilongjiang Province from 2006 to 2018 has been analyzed.(3) Results——From 2006 to 2018,although the coupling coordination degree between the forest economy and the ecological environment system fluctuated in Heilongjiang,which has generally showed a good upward trend. The coupling coordination relationship can be divided into three stages: The first stage is from 2006 to 2009,the coupling coordination degree of forest economy and ecological environment increases from 0. 4580 to 0. 5152. And the degree of coupling has grown from near maladjustment to barely coupling,and the relative priority of under forest economy has not exceeded 1. 1,and the coupling type is the type of under forest economic development lag; the second stage is from 2010 to 2012,the coupling coordination degree has decreased from 0. 5074 to 0. 4818,and the coupling coordination degree has decreased from barely coupling to near maladjustment,and the relative priority of under forest economic development has increased from 1. 2291 to 2. 2232. and the coupling type has changed from synchronous development type to leading type of under-forest economic development. In the early stage(2010),due to the further development of the undergrowth economy,it has become a turning point of the transition from the lagging type to the leading type of the undergrowth economy. The coupling type of this stage is mainly manifested as the leading type of the undergrowth economy. There are two main reasons,one is that some farmers over develop the forest economy,which leads to the serious deterioration of the ecological environment; the other one is that the growth of forest resources takes a long time,resulting in the weak ability of ecological environment development. The third stage is from 2013 to 2018,the coupling coordination degree has increased from 0. 5395 to 0. 5870 in the reluctantly coupling stage. The relative priority of the forest economy first increased from 1. 3282 in 2013 to 1. 4113 in 2015,and then decreased to 1. 2695 in 2018.In addition,the coupling type is always synchronous development type,which is going to enter the primary coupling stage in the near future.(4) Conclusions and Discussions——At present,the relationship between the forest economy and the ecological environment in Heilongjiang is in a reluctant coupling stage,in order to speed up the development to the primary coupling stage,four suggestions are put forward: The first is to establish the guiding ideology of ecological priority and reasonable development,and promote the natural forest protection and other large-scale ecological projects in Heilongjiang; the next one is to adhere to the basic principles of characteristic development,so that each forest area can play its advantages according to its own conditions; and the third one is to improve the level of science and technology of the under-forest economy industry; the next one is to respect the local ecological laws,create the benign interaction between the under-forest economy and the ecological environment; and the last one is to compensate the ecological environment with the development of under-forest economy.