离子型稀土矿开采的环境影响及治理措施

离子型稀土是国家稀缺的战略性资源,其开发产生的环境问题对人民生产和生活产生了重大影响。本文主要阐述了离子型稀土开采从池浸、堆浸到原地浸矿的发展历程,分别从大气污染、水资源污染、土壤环境损伤和地质损害四个方面分析稀土开采对环境产生的破坏,并提出相应的治理措施,建议企业研究开发新的工艺,提高资源利用率,国家加强对稀土开采的监管措施,共同促进稀土行业的可持续发展。

Environmental Impact and Control Measures of Lonic Rare Earth Mining

Lonic rare earth is a scarce strategic resource in our country.The environmental problems caused by its development have a great impact on people's production and life.This paper mainly expounds the development course of ion-type rare earth mining from pond leaching,heap leaching to in-situ leaching.It analyses the damage of rare earth mining to the environment from four aspects of air pollution,water pollution,soil environmental damage and geological damage,and puts forward corresponding control measures.It is suggested that enterprises should study and develop new technologies to improve the utilization rate of resources,and that the state should strengthen rare earth mining.Regulatory measures to jointly promote the sustainable development of rare earth industry.