不同时代背景下的水库移民安置评析及启示——以山西省3个典型水库为例

三门峡水库、小浪底水库、张峰水库移民安置活动分别经历了计划经济时代、计划经济向市场经济转型时代、市场经济初步确立时期,各个时期不同的经济社会条件、政治制度环境、资源环境状况、移民安置理念等,对移民安置实施产生根本性的影响,导致实施效果差异显著。通过文献和调研,对其进行分析,从而得出新时期移民安置的重要启示,即重视生产生活安置、坚持水库移民政府负责制、重视移民参与以保障其公平发展,以及遵循国家和地方战略以实现水库移民的协调发展。

Analyses and inspirations of reservoir resettlement under different eras:case studies of three typical reservoirs in Shanxi Province

The resettlement activities of Sanmenxia Reservoir, Xiaolangdi Reservoir and Zhangfeng Reservoir respectively experience the era of the planned economy, the transition times from the planned economy to the market economy and the era of the initial establishment of the market economy. Different economic and social conditions, political and institutional environments, resources and environmental conditions and resettlement concepts during the above eras have fundamental effects on the implementation of reservoir resettlement and cause significantly different implementation effectiveness. They are analyzed based on the relevant literatures and field investigations. Some important inspirations of the resettlement during the new era are obtained as follows: to place importance to production and living resettlement, to adhere to the government responsibility system, to pay attention to resettlement participation in order to protect their equitable development, and to follow the national and local strategies so as to achieve the coordinated development of the reservoir resettlement.