一场远未终结的辩论——关于苏联解体问题的国外学术诠释

从学科范畴角度对苏联解体问题进行分析是20年来国际学术界的一项重要工作。思考和借鉴这一学术领域的成果将有利于深化对苏联解体这一问题的认识。"帝国"与"革命"范畴的使用,便于学界从历史比较的视角,从以往的帝国和革命现象中探寻大国兴衰的机理。虽然"民族主义"和"联邦制"问题在苏联解体过程中的作用素有争论,但范畴运用的细化显然有助于推进这一方面的认知深化。从社会学角度对于解体之前苏联的社会状况和发展阶段进行分析有利于避免对苏联解体这一问题进行简单化论断,而苏联经济史的国外研究则拓展了对苏联经济模式本质与特征认识的关键性范畴。

International Academic Interpretations of the Disintegration of Soviet Union:An Unfinished Debate

The analysis of the disintegration of the Soviet Union has been an important task for the international academia in the past two decades.Adopting such notions as "empire" and "revolution" offers a historically comparative perspective to explore mechanisms in the rise and fall of great powers.There have always been debates on the role of "nationalism" and "federalism" during the disintegration of the Soviet Union as well.Detailed application of these notions obviously facilitates the advancing of corresponding cognition.From the sociological perspective,an examination on the Soviet social situation and development stages prior to its disintegration helps to avoid simplistic judgment.Furthermore,the international studies of Soviet economic history also expand the key concepts for understanding the nature and characteristics of Soviet economic pattern before the disintegration.