垃圾分类回收行为研究现状及其关键问题

垃圾分类回收在循环经济"减量化、再使用、再循环"(3R)三种方式中属于再使用和再循环的范畴,是实现可持续发展的重要组成部分。如何促使更多的居民参与垃圾分类回收,以及最终又能在分类后回收到多少垃圾?前者是垃圾分类回收政策效应的微观反映;后者则是垃圾回收利用体系规划的数据基础,决定该体系各环节所需设施设备的规模、数量,并影响城市空间布局,这些都属于居民回收行为研究的基本内容。故而,研究垃圾分类回收行为是解决我国当前严峻垃圾问题的重要突破口。在对垃圾分类研究现状进行深入分析基础上,阐述了其面临的主要问题:垃圾分类回收行为研究中,垃圾分类方法的合理确定;社会心理学、博弈论、统计分析方法和地理信息系统(GIS)技术的综合运用策略研究;从社区与非社区两个方面对垃圾分类回收行为的影响因素及其层次结构与内在关系进行辨析;居住场所、工作场所、休闲场所之间垃圾分类回收的关联行为研究;场所尺度的空间行为差异、城市尺度的行为空间分布规律及其产生机理与演化机制研究;基于条件价值评估的垃圾分类回收参与时间及费用承受能力研究等,及今后特别值得关注的一系列重要问题。

The Research Status and Critical Problem of the Waste Classified Recovery Behavior

Waste classified recovery in the three modes of circular economy that are "reduce,reuse,recycle"(3R) involves reuse and recycle,which plays an important role in sustainable development.How to encourage more residents to participate in waste classified recovery,and how much waste can be recovered after classification ultimately? The first question is the micro-reflect of the waste classified recovery policies effects,while the second question is the data base of the waste recovery system planning to determine the size and number of the facilities and equipment required in the various aspects of the system and affects the layout of urban space.Both these questions belong to the basic study elements of the residents’ recycling behavior.Therefore,the study of the waste classified recycling behavior is an important breakthrough to solve the critical waste problem in our country.Based on the in-depth analysis of current study on the waste classified recovery,the main problem it confronts is described.Furthermore,the reasonable way to determine the waste classification is pointed out in study of the waste classified recovery behavior.Social psychology,game theory,statistical analysis method and GIS technology are integrated use in the strategy research.The influencing factors,the hierarchy and the intrinsic relationship of the waste classified recovery behavior are discriminated from the perspectives of both community and non-community.The associated behavior of the waste classified recovery in the place of residential,work and leisure is also studied.The spatial behavioral differences in location-scale,the behavioral spatial distribution law in city-scale and its generation mechanism and evolution mechanism are also referred to.The study on the time and capacities of the costs of the participation in waste classified recovery based on Contingent Valuation Method is a series of important concerned issues in the future.