政府部门预算支出管理制度的选择——基于新制度经济学的视角

环境管制旨在应对因资源环境消费而产生的外部性问题,它通过三种不同类型政策工具的运用得以实施,即:命令与控制型、基于市场型与自愿型。对政府而言,这意味着三种具有不同交易成本发生和负担机制的管制手段选择。环境管制的发展包含了一种政府在管制过程中不断减少交易成本的尝试,这种努力使得在最新的环境管制形态———自愿环境协议中,企业、非政府组织等多元社会主体共同形成决策并参与管制的实施,分担改善环境质量的社会责任与成本投入,环境管制因而实现了从管理到治理的转变。

On the Budget Expenditure Management System Selection of the Government Department

Environmental regulation aims to cope with the externality problem resulting from resource environmental consumption,it can implement through three different types of policy tool,namely command and control type,market-oriented type and voluntary type.For governments,this means three choices possessing different transaction costs and burden mechanism of control method.The development of the environmental regulation includes an attempt that government continuously reduces transaction costs in control process,...