武威市蔬菜产业时空分布特征及其发展建议

武威市地处甘肃省河西走廊的东端,人多、地少、水少是其市情,蔬菜产业是种植业中面积仅次于玉米但产值位居种植业首位的优势主导产业。为了全面了解武威市蔬菜产业时空分布特征,进一步做大做强蔬菜产业,实现蔬菜产业提质增效的奋斗目标,文章利用2000~2012年的资料数据,分析了武威市蔬菜产业的发展变化及时空分布特征,以期为武威市蔬菜生产布局优化提供决策依据。分析结果表明:武威市蔬菜总量在时间发展上呈现出相对平稳的发展、相对快速上升和缓慢上升3个阶段,虽然在个别年份出现了一些轻微波动,但从整个蔬菜产业来看总体还是呈现出不断上升的发展态势;蔬菜产业内部结构变化趋势来看,其它蔬菜仍占绝对主导地位。从武威市蔬菜生产空间分布特征来看,南部祁连山区高原夏菜和食用菌、中部平原绿洲沿山冷凉灌区食用菌和中部平原绿洲平川灌区优质蔬菜3个具有明显地域特征的产业带已经形成,但中部平原绿洲为主的基本生产格局并没有发生质的变化;从区域产业内部结构来看,辣椒在凉州区和民勤县东部沙漠沿线乡镇集聚,食用菌在天祝县和凉州区南部山区和二阴山区集聚,其它蔬菜种植区域扩展到3县1区,但中心集聚点仍在凉州区。建议在开发蔬菜优势产品的过程中要加大创新力度,提高产品附加值;发挥区域功能优势,形成区域集聚效益;加快产业升级步伐,打造完整产业链条;利用自然资源优势,发展多功能现代农业。特别是在保证实现日光温室的经济、社会、生态功能的基础上,积极发掘日光温室生产的文化、休闲娱乐等方面的功能,打造集参观教育、度假、农家乐等于一体的日光温室休闲观光农业项目,实现农村与城市交融、人与自然和谐相处,达到农业增效、农民增收的目的。

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND ITS DEVELOPMENT SUGGESTION OF VEGETABLE PRODUCTION IN WUWEI

Wuwei is located in the eastern of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province with more people, less land, and less water. Wuwei vegetable industry is second to corn planting area but the output benefit ranks the first. Aiming to further enlarge and strengthen the vegetable industry, achieve the goal of quality and efficiency of vegetable industry, this paper analyzed the spatial distribution of vegetable industry in Wuwei based on the data of 2000-2012 years. This can provide the decision-making basis for the optimization of vegetable production layout in Wuwei city. The results showed that total amount of vegetables in Wuwei city was relatively stable, fast and rise. Although there were some slight fluctuations in the annual output of the individual years, the whole vegetable industry showed a rising trend of development. From the changing trend of the internal structure of the vegetable industry, the edible fungus and the dry production of pepper arisen, but other vegetables were still dominant. From the distribution characteristics, the industry had formed three obvious region characteristic industrial belts, i.e, vegetables and edible fungi in the southern mountainous area of Qilian Plateau Summer, edible fungi in the central plain oasis along the mountain cool irrigation area, and high quality vegetable in central plain oasis irrigation area of Pingchuan. From the internal structure of the regional industry, the spatial dependence and spatial clustering characteristics of vegetable production had changed significantly due to the different climate conditions. The pepper distributed in Liangzhou and Minqin county in the eastern desert towns along the agglomeration, edible fungus distributed in Tianzhu county, southern Liangzhou district mountain, Yinshan region agglomeration, and other vegetable planting area. Finally, combined with the actual vegetable industry development, it recommended that vegetable production should increase innovation, improve the added value of products, give full play the regional function advantage forming regional agglomeration efficiency, accelerate the pace of industrial upgrading to build a complete industrial chain, and utilize the natural resources for the development of multi-function modern agriculture. Especially, while ensuring the implementation of solar greenhouse in economic, social and ecological functions, it should explore the culture, leisure and entertainment function of the solar greenhouse, create a set of greenhouse leisure and sightseeing agricultural projects, and achieve harmony development between rural and urban integration, man and nature .