黑龙江省玉米产业发展现状、问题与对策研究

玉米是黑龙江省重要的农作物之一,其产业发展对维护国家粮食安全及带动农村居民致富具有作用。文章在充分分析黑龙江省玉米产业发展现状的基础上,阐述玉米生产区连片、自然条件适合玉米生产等相关优势,分析制约玉米产业的主要因素包括玉米专用品种较少;耕地数量减少和耕地质量逐步退化;产业化水平不高,社会化服务体系不健全;深加工比重低,产品附加值不高;外企种业公司带来的市场冲击等。并从加强玉米新品种的筛选和培育;培育农业加工龙头企业,提高产业化水平;提高组织化程度,合理促进利润分配;优化产业结构,提高玉米市场竞争力;保持耕地总量平衡,加大基本农田保护力度;建立玉米产业信息网络平台,及时发布市场信息等6个方面提出促进黑龙江省玉米产业发展的策略。

DEVELOPMENT STATUS, PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES OF MAIZE INDUSTRY IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

Corn as one of the important crops in Heilongjiang province, its industrial development has great effects on protecting national food security and increasing farmers′income. Based on fully analyzing the status of the develop-ment of corn industry in Heilongjiang province, this paper expounded the advantages of the maize production, ana-lyzed the main factors restricting the corn industry, for example, the special maize varieties was less;the cultivated land and cultivated land quality was decreased and degraded;the industrialization level was not high, the social serv-ice system was not perfect;the proportion of deep processing of low value-added products was not high;the foreign seed companies dominated the market. Finally, it put forward some strategies to promote the development of corn in-dustry, such as selecting and breeding of new maize varieties, strengthening the cultivation of lead agricultural pro-cessing enterprise, improving the degree of organization and promoting the rational allocation of profits, optimizing the industrial structure to improve the corn market competition, maintaining the balance of arable land to increase the protection of basic farmland, and establishing maize industry information network platform to timely release market in-formation.