美国区域温室气体减排行动的运作机制及其对电力市场的影响

作为温室气体排放大国之一,美国在联邦政府层面尚未实施强制性的温室气体减排政策,但是国内部分地区正在积极探索建立区域性的温室气体减排计划及交易体系.其中,美国东北部和大西洋中部10个州共同参与、在火电行业率先开展的＂区域温室气体减排行动＂,已经运行了近1年半时间,取得了良好的效果.介绍了美国区域温室气体减排行动的运作机制及实施情况,分析了其对电力市场的影响,并对我国有序推行碳减排计划提出建议.

Mechanism of Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative in the U.S.and its Impact on Electricity Markets

As one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases, the U.S. has yet to implement mandatory obligations of greenhouse gas reduction at the federal level. However, parts of the U.S. have been actively exploring regional greenhouse gas reduction schemes and trading systems. Among them, the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, participated by 10 northeast and mid-Atlantic states to cap CO2 emissions of fossil fueled power plants, has been in operation for almost 18 months and achieved good results. In this study we describe the mechanism of the U.S. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and its implementation, analyze its impact on electricity markets, and propose some constructive recommendations on the orderly implementation of China＇ s plan of carbon emission reduction.