美国和澳大利亚海洋类国家公园管理建设对中国的启示

中国国家公园体制建设蓬勃开展,但海洋类国家公园建设十分滞后,且学界关于海洋类国家公园规划建设和运营管理的研究相对缺乏。因此,从海湾型和海岛型2个角度选取美国比斯坎湾、海峡群岛和澳大利亚大堡礁3个海洋类国家公园为例,采用文献调研和比较分析法,总结其政策法律背景、遴选标准、规划体系、运营管理、环境监测和公众参与等方面的实践经验,并从规划法规、概念普及、选址布局和交通联系4个方面对我国海洋类国家公园的规划建设提出具体建议。

The Enlightenment of Management and Construction of Marine National Parks in the United States and Australia for China

The development of national park system in China is flourishing, but the construction of marine national parks still lagging, and research of planning and management of marine national parks is relatively lacking. Therefore, the Biscayne Bay, the Channel Islands and the Great Barrier Reef national marine parks represented for bay and island were selected for case study. It adopted literature and comparative analysis, with analysis and generalization of the legislative background, selection criteria, planning system, operation management, environment monitoring, public participation and other aspects of the mentioned parks, and put forward specific proposals on the establishment of China''s marine national park from aspects of planning regulations, concept popularization, location and traffic planning.