基于手机信令数据的上海大型公园分类研究

利用手机信令大样本数据中提取的上海32个大型公园游客出发、抵达、离开时间和居住地坐标等数据信息,解析公园游客时空行为,利用行为特性在公园使用中的表征将公园进行分类：基于公园的游客来源地(以下简称“客源地”)覆盖范围划分为服务公园周边区域的局地类和服务市域的广域2个大类;基于不同时段客流量分布趋势的均缓与集中特性,划分局地均缓、局地集中,广域均缓和广域集中4个中类;基于客源地核心形态紧凑与松散的特性,将4个中类分为局地均缓紧凑、局地均缓松散等8个小类。分别通过8类公园的时空指标——客源地面积、核心聚集面积、游客居住地至公园的人均OD和高峰开始与持续时间,对每类公园特征进行了量化描述并对其成因进行了解析。将基于游客行为的“公园利用类型”与基于资源供给视角的“公园规划类型”分类结果进行比对,发掘产生公园定位错位的原因,并对公园的规划管理现状提出改进建议。

Taxonomic Study of Large Parks in Shanghai by Mobile Phone Signaling Data

This study extracts the tourists'' arrival, departure time, residence coordinate information from large sample mobile phone signaling data of thirty-two large parks in Shanghai, and analyzes different park visitors'' space-time behavior characteristics and discusses park classification on the basis of these characterization. The parks can be divided into eight categories as follows. Park visitor origin is divided into two local service and wide area service domain large categories based on the park service area. Based on visitors'' flow distribution, the parks can be divided into four slow and concentrated medium categories. According to the shape of origin, the parks can be divided into eight compact and dispersed small categories. Spatiotemporal indexes of eight categories of parks have been calculated respectively. The research analyzes the cause of formation these indexes, including visitor origin, core visitor origin, OD per capita, peak visitor flow time and its distribution. Park "based on reality" categories and "based on the preset" categories results are compared. On the basis of identifying the similarities and differences of the categories results, the reasons for the park development orientation are explored, and some suggestions for improving the park planning and management status are put forward.