一般需求函数下两级供应链定价博弈研究

研究需求函数为一般需求函数D=f（p）时，供应链中制造商和零售商不合作定价、合作定价的供应链利润。找出了两个充要条件，证明了在制造商和零售商之间不合作定价博弈存在纳什均衡时，该纳什均衡状态的供应链利润劣于合作定价的供应链利润。文中并且给出两个典型需求函数的例子：线性需求函数和柯布一道格拉斯需求函数。分别证明了它们均满足该两个充要条件，印证了所得结论。

Game-based Pricing in a Two-echelon Supply Chain with a General Demand Function

This paper analyzed the profit difference between cooperative pricing and non-cooperative pricing in a supply chain with a general demand function. With two necessary and sufficient conditions concerning the demand function, which was identified in the paper, it was proved that the total supply chain profit of non-cooperative pricing is inferior to that of cooperative pricing if there exists a Nash equilibrium in the non-cooperative pricing game between one manufacturer and one retail in the supply chain. Two typical demand function examples were given： a linear demand function and Cobb - Douglas demand function. They both meet the two necessary and sufficient conditions, and the same conclusion, non-cooperation is inferior to cooperation, was got.