农用地整理对区域景观动态与生态风险影响研究——以福建省建溪流域为例

研究目的:以福建省建溪流域为例,基于2010—2016年的景观类型数据和农用地整理数据,分析农用地整理对区域景观动态和生态风险的影响。研究方法:单一变量法,景观格局指数,生态风险指数。研究结果:(1)2010—2016年间通过农用地整理工程增加的耕地主要在海拔高于300 m的区域;(2)农用地整理工程中的新增耕地主要来源于草地、园地和林地,也有部分城镇村及工矿用地、交通用地等由于村庄合并或矿区土地复垦等原因被整理为耕地;(3)每一种农用地整理工程类型都是一种风险源,其释放的风险压力主要有景观单一化和景观破碎化两种;(4)2010—2016年建溪流域的生态风险值介于2 386.11～2 394.76,2010年后生态风险指数逐年降低。研究结论:本文对大尺度上关于农用地整理对景观生态的影响研究有借鉴意义,可以为区域尺度的土地利用优化设计和农用地整理设计规划提供科学依据。

Study on the Impact of Agricultural Land Consolidation on Regional Landscape Dynamics and Ecological Risk: A Case Study of Jianxi Watershed in Fujian Province

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of agricultural land consolidation on regional landscape dynamics and ecological risks based on the landscape type data and agricultural land consolidation data from 2010 to 2016. This paper takes Jianxi Watershed in Fujian Province as an example. The research methods include single variable method, landscape pattern index and ecological risk index. The results showed that the increased cultivated land through agricultural land consolidation projects mainly in areas above 300 m from 2010 to 2016. The newly-added cultivated land in the agricultural land consolidation project mainly comes from grassland, gardens, woodlands and other lands. And there are some towns and villages, industrial and mining land and traffic land have been reclaimed as cultivated land because of village merging or mining land consolidation. Each type of agricultural land consolidation project is a risk source. The risk pressure is mainly landscape simplification and landscape fragmentation. From 2010 to 2016, the ecological risk value of Jianxi Watershed was between 2 386.11 to 2 394.76, and the ecological risk index decreased since 2010. This study can be used for reference in the study of landscape ecology in agricultural land consolidation at large scale and provide scientific basis for regional scale land use optimization design and agricultural land consolidation design plan.