城市土地绿色利用效率测度及其空间分异特征——基于284个地级以上城市的实证研究

研究目的:探寻城市土地利用效率的内涵,揭示城市土地利用效率值的空间分异特征。研究方法:SBM模型、泰尔指数、探索性空间数据分析方法。研究结果:2016年全国城市土地绿色利用效率整体偏低,优化提升空间较大;城市土地绿色利用效率值表现出明显的空间分异特征:由东部沿海地区向西北内陆地区递减,其差异主要由省内差异引起;城市土地绿色利用存在显著的空间正相关,空间集聚状态可以分为4种:高值集聚区(东部沿海地区)、高值异质区域(晋蒙、京津冀和东北地区)、低值异质区域(湘鄂以及两广地区)、低值集聚区(陕甘云川贵和中部地区)。研究结论:应将绿色发展理念贯彻到土地利用当中,实现城市土地利用的“经济—生态—社会”的耦合,并因地制宜的采取差别化的管理措施,促进不同区域的城市协同发展。

Measurement of Urban Land Green Use Efficiency and Its Spatial Differentiation Characteristics: An Empirical Study based on 284 Cities

The purpose of the paper is to explore the connotation of urban land use efficiency, and to reveal spatial differentiation of urban land use efficiency values. The research methods include SBM model, Theil index and exploratory spatial data analysis. The research results show that the concept and connotation of urban land green use efficiency are defined from the perspective of "economic-ecological-social" coupling, and the green utilization efficiency of urban land in 284 cities are measured. More specifically, the average value of urban land green use efficiency in 2016 is 0.598.More than 70% of cities are at medium and low efficiency levels, with greater room for improvement.The overall Theil index of urban land green use efficiency is 0.077. The difference in urban land green use efficiency is mainly caused by the difference in the province. The average contribution rate of provincial differences to urban land green use efficiency is 83.49%. The value of urban land green use efficiency shows obvious spatial differentiation characteristics, that is,declining from the eastern coastal region to the northwest inland region, mainly caused inner provincial differences. There is a significant spatial positive correlation of urban land green utilization, which demonstrates that the green utilization of urban land has produced a clear spatial agglomeration, the mutual influence between cities is strong, and there is a huge difference in the spatial agglomeration state among different provinces. In conclusion, the idea of green development should be integrated into land use to realize the coordination among economy, society and ecology in urban land use;and differentiated management measures should be taken in accordance with the context-specific conditions to facilitate the coordinated development of cities in different regions.