生态视角下南方典型丘陵区耕地健康诊断——以江西省奉新县为例

研究目的:构建生态视角下的耕地健康诊断体系,对南方典型丘陵区耕地健康状况进行诊断,为促进耕地健康提供对策建议。研究方法:本文基于生态视角,选取土壤肥力指标、耕地土壤环境污染性指标及有益性指标构建了南方典型丘陵区耕地健康诊断体系,利用多因素综合法进行土壤肥力水平评价,采用最小因子法进行耕地有益系数评价,运用内梅罗综合污染指数法进行耕地污染状况评价,针对未污染耕地,利用有益系数对土壤肥力分值进行修正,对受污染耕地根据污染状况进行分类诊断。研究结果:奉新县耕地总体健康状况良好,健康耕地占89.62%,5.40%的耕地因缺肥处于亚健康,4.38%的耕地因灌溉水水质受到污染不健康,0.60%的耕地因存在土壤重金属污染而不健康。研究结论:基于土壤肥力-环境污染-土壤有益元素的耕地健康综合诊断体系与方法,为南方典型丘陵区的耕地质量评价以及耕地保护研究提供了一种新的思路,也为其他区域耕地质量评价和耕地保护提供有益的借鉴。

Health Diagnosis of Cultivated Land in Typical Hilly Areas of Southern China from the Ecological Perspective

The purpose of this paper is to construct the cultivated land health diagnosis system under the ecological perspective for the cultivated land health condition in typical hilly areas in Southern China, and to provide countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the cultivated land health. The methods of this paper are as follows.From the ecological perspective, soil fertility index, soil environment pollution index and beneficial index of farmland are selected to build a typical southern hilly cultivated land health diagnosis system; the multi-factor synthetic method is used for evaluation of soil fertility level; minimum factor method is adopted to improve the coefficient of cultivated land beneficial evaluation; the comprehensive pollution index method is used to evaluate farmland pollution; as for unpolluted cultivated land, soil fertility scores are corrected through beneficial coefficients; and the polluted farmland is categorized according to the pollution status of the diagnosis. The diagnosis results show that the overall health of cultivated land in the county is good, with healthy cultivated land accounting for 89.62%, 5.4% cultivated land is in sub-health due to the lack of fertilizer, 4.38% cultivated land is polluted by irrigation water and 0.6% cultivated land is unhealthy due to soil heavy metal pollution. In conclusion, the comprehensive diagnosis system and method of cultivated land health based on soil fertility-environmental pollution-soil beneficial elements provide a new idea for the evaluation on cultivated land quality and the research of cultivated land protection in typical hilly areas of Southern China, and can also provide useful reference for the evaluation on cultivated land quality and the protection of cultivated land in other regions.